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The **Mean Square Within (MSW)**, representing the unexplained variance, is calculated by dividing the **SSE** by the degrees of freedom (the number of observations $n$, minus the number of predictors $p$, and minus one):
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The **Mean Square Within (MSW)**, representing the unexplained variance, is calculated by dividing the **SSE** by the degrees of freedom (the number of observations $n$, minus the number of predictors $p$, and minus one for the intercept):
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