... | @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ P-hacking, like the Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy, can create the illusion of signi |
... | @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ P-hacking, like the Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy, can create the illusion of signi |
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### How to Avoid P-hacking
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### How to Avoid P-hacking
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To avoid p-hacking and the Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy:
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To avoid p-hacking and the Texas Sharpshooter Fallacy:
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- **Pre-register hypotheses**: Define your research questions, hypotheses, and analysis plan in advance, before looking at the data. This prevents researchers from "fitting" a narrative to random patterns in the data.
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- **Pre-register research plan**: Define your research questions, hypotheses, and analysis plan in advance, before looking at the data. This prevents researchers from "fitting" a narrative to random patterns in the data. It is good practice to submit your plan to a registry ([OSF registry](https://osf.io/registries)).
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- **Report all results**: Even non-significant findings should be reported to provide a complete and transparent picture of the data. Selective reporting skews the results and can mislead the interpretation.
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- **Report all results**: Even non-significant findings should be reported to provide a complete and transparent picture of the data. Selective reporting skews the results and can mislead the interpretation.
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- **Use proper statistical adjustments**: If conducting multiple tests or comparisons, use methods like the Bonferroni correction to adjust for the increased risk of false positives due to multiple testing.
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- **Use proper statistical adjustments**: If conducting multiple tests or comparisons, use methods like the Bonferroni correction to adjust for the increased risk of false positives due to multiple testing.
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